Smart locks for homes: types and how to choose

Main types

• Motor on the existing lock: a unit on the inside turns the key for you. It fits without changing the lock or the door and is reversible, ideal for rentals.
• Electronic cylinder: replaces the cylinder with an electronic one. Discreet, and keeps the look of the door.
• Complete lock with keypad or fingerprint: replaces handle and lock. The most integrated, but it must be compatible with the door.
• Electric strike or lock controlled by the video intercom or access control: common for building entrances, gates and offices.

Ways to open

• Numeric code, permanent or temporary.
• Phone, by proximity or from the app.
• Fingerprint.
• Card or fob.
• Mechanical key, as a backup.

How they connect

• Bluetooth: works with the phone nearby, without relying on the internet.
• WiFi, or a network bridge: lets you open the door and receive alerts remotely.
• Zigbee, Z-Wave, Thread or Matter: to integrate it with home automation.

For a second home or rental, remote access is essential. For a main residence, proximity may be enough.

Batteries and emergencies

Most run on batteries and warn you weeks in advance. Even so, choose a model that keeps the mechanical key or has emergency power from outside. And check that you can always get out from the inside without power.

Security

• Electronics don't replace a good lock: the cylinder and escutcheon must be good quality.
• Long codes, different for each person, that expire.
• A log of openings and an alert if the door is left open.
• A brand that issues security updates and, ideally, works locally.

Integration

With the alarm: opening with your code disarms it, locking arms it. With home automation: an arrival scene with lights and heating. With the video intercom: see who's calling and open from your phone.

Before you buy

• The type and dimensions of your current lock and door.
• For a security door, specific compatibility.
• For an external door: resistance to cold and rain.
• What your home insurance requires.